Effect of Blind Dates on “Leftover Women”

Effect of Blind Dates on â€Å"Leftover Women† Group Member Names: Yuki Maggie Lainka Yolanda In China, a woman is easily described as â€Å"sheng nv† or† leftover woman† when she is over 27 or 30 years old and still remains single (Magistad). But among these leftover women, they mostly have beautiful appearance, high education and incomes. Actually, some leftover women really do not worry about their marriage, but they are under great amount of pressure from their parents or friends. Then these leftover women begin to look for partner in a hurry but find it so difficult. Why these outstanding women cannot find a good man? It sounds odd (Magistad). However, this phenomenon makes sense for the following reasons. First, the leftover women are so outstanding that they are very particular about their future spouse. They care much about the admirers’ conditions such as their house, car, career, appearance and education background etc. However, to find a perfect husband is just as difficult as looking for a needle in a haystack. Therefore, they become leftover women. Second, some leftover women are feminists. They mostly pay much attention to themselves and ignore others, taking it for granted that men should take consideration for women. In addition, they request others’ absolute obedience and cannot stand a little opposition. Then they are still single. Third, it mainly depends on their own lifestyle and attitude towards love and marriage. For one thing, they are hard to find a suitable man because of their small social circle. For another, some women attach importance to men’s possession first rather than disp osition, because most women just hunt for a rich man to change their poor situation. Consequently, the blind dates appeal to them and become popular under this circumstance for the reason that blind dates can provide leftover women platforms and chances to make more new male friends. Perhaps they can find their future spouse if they match up with each other. â€Å"The whole point of a blind date is to meet someone else that one doesnt know and to get to know him better’’ (â€Å"Cause and Effect Blind Dates†). Nowadays, the blind dates have many kinds and successful examples. For instance, Linda Wolff met her husband through her brother and they fell in love with each other and finally live a happy life. She mentioned, â€Å"When love is mean to be† (Wolff). That is to say, her true love was at first sight. Indeed, blind dates bring help to people in seeking true love to some extent. But blind dates just exist as a auxiliary method because no one can harvest true love without paying. As for leftover women, after dating for many times, blin d dates cause physical and spiritual effects on them. The Effect on Physical Changes Nowadays, not only leftover women find their Mr. Right through blind dates, but also pretty young ladies do that. Compared with those pretty young ladies, leftover women are in a relatively inferior position, especially some well-educated leftover women. â€Å"My mum spends all her time organizing blind dates for me,† says Faye Yang, a pretty 29-year-old university professor, â€Å"but over 60 percent of them reject me when they discover I have a PhD degree.† â€Å"I would feel ashamed if the woman I am with is on my level. I will lose my confidence and male status,† says Kelvin Du Kang, a marketing consultant in Shanghai concurs (â€Å"A Good Man Is Hard to Find: Chinas Leftover Women Look for Love Abroad†). Distinctly, men do not like the women either on their level or stronger than they. However, the fact that those well-educated leftover women have a high degree cannot be changed. Experiencing many a blind date, they may have a lesson how to change the mselves to get love harvest. Appearance. They learn how to put on light makeup or remain a face without makeup. These leftover women keep an office-lady look when they are at work, which presents a mighty air to others. Besides, office-lady look covers their real and natural face, which seems to put on a fake mask and distances themselves from others. Putting on light makeup shows delicate beauty. Without applying any cosmetics, a clean face presents them in daily life. Men would think they are easy-going and come up to them. Hair style. Many leftover women always tie up their hair without fringe. Some follow the fashion, like having a perm or color their hair. It is man-made curly and colored hairs that add years to the age. A Chinese saying goes, â€Å"Women’s wit does not match their hair.† Anyway, if men are asked they prefer long hair or short hair, they would give one answer: long, straight and black hair (Li 129). Thus, leftover women change their hair style to keep long, straight and black hair. This would impress men that they are mild, good-natured, sweet-tempered and easy-going ladies. Style of dressing. Styles of dressing are different on different occasion. When dating, leftover women would get rid of their uniform and avoid dressing too showy. They just need to dress plainly but neatly. There is no better choice to dress in warm color. Light red means peace; yellow stands for brightness; orange symbolizes warmth; blue represents energy. Dressing in a proper way means that leftover women think highly of their date. Accordingly, men would consider that this kind of woman is the exact person to be wife rather than the woman they can take to bars or colleague in work world. The Effect on Mental Changes Blind dates have gained its popularity among leftover-women for seeking love. Nowadays, blind dates, the common way to finding a future partner, has affected leftover-women on not only physical but also spiritual aspect during its development. As for mental aspect, blind dates affect leftover-women on their view of mate-selecting and the view toward love. Leftover-women, whether they are highly-educated and well-paid or are left behind, are appealed to the title â€Å"dating the rich† of some blind dating events (Yao). Their views of mate-selecting are affected by blind dates because during frequent blind dates many leftover-women conveyed this notion to others. These â€Å"dating the rich† events are â€Å"considered a great opportunity for ‘grassroot’ beauties to find wealthy husbands† (Yao). But some leftover-women changed their standpoints after thousands of times of blind dates. They tend to select some men who are called â€Å"budget husband†. These kinds of men are the new ideal among Chinese female white-collar workers. â€Å"One of the main characteristics of a budget husband is that he be ‘normal.’ Not ugly but not too handsome; neither poor nor rich. In short: mediocre.† (How to express â€Å"budget men and women† in English). In the course of blind-dating, many leftover-women have realized that dating the rich or getting married to the rich is not a realistic dream. Budget husbands are better choice for their marriage, because they can be a good son, a good staff and also a good spouse (Li 90). Their view of mate-selecting has been affected by blind dates. A womanà ¯- Ma Nuo, who attended one of the fashionable blind-dating programs, You Are the One, said to those men who also want to find their spouse by the way of blind dates, â€Å"I prefer crying in the back of a BMW to smiling on the back of a bicycle†. Although this remark is sharply criticized by many people, it is still accepted by some leftover-women. This is another influence blind dates have on leftover women. Some ideas conveyed by blind dates are now changing their view toward love, their attitude to marriage. These women are Gold Diggers and they think highly of the value of money. They attach that to their love. The pursuit of material has become their purpose to blind dates. This is the bad effect blind dates have on leftover-women. It changes their points. They mistake the meaning of blind dates as finding a rich man but not a beloved. This is the spiritual effect that the blind dates bring to leftover -women and it is harmful to seeking love when they are dati ng. Blind dates bring great impacts to leftover women in their pursuit of material conditions as well as mental requirement. They change the clothes they usually wear, the hairstyle they have for a long time, and the high requirement they ask for their future spouse etc. Leading them to change in a proper way, efforts from government and individuals are both extremely needed. Government’s support is the precondition for people to better define leftover women. According to Leta Hong Fincher, the author of Leftover Women: The Resurgence of Gender Inequality in China. Theres absolutely no indication that the government sees falling female labor-force participation as a problem. On the contrary, the rhetoric is, women, return to the home, stop being so ambitious and get married'(â€Å"A Good Man Is Hard to Find: Chinas Leftover Women Look For Love Abroad†). Women are also main force in the cause of some kinds of career such as educations, medical treatment or even biology researches. It is essentially necessary for government to provide a equal environment for women to pursue their career. So as to change the traditional situation that young female who are of high quality and well educated remain single because men tend to â€Å"marry down both in age and educational attainment†(Simpson). People’s efforts also play an important role in helping leftover women to find the person of their heart. One of the participants of the matchmaking event held in Beijing Ditan Park explained the reason why he was single until 30 is that their whole family lived in a small house in a remote village. So they are now trying to buy a house with the help of parents as the basic material condition of his marriage (Zheng, Li, and Chen). For individuals, they should show their respect for women by letting them choose what they are going to do instead of implanting ideas of being a housewife as soon as possible, while leftover women should set up proper view of spouse-selecting and make clear that which style of men they are searching for. To have a happy ending, a blind date should base on a positive attitude concerning more about genuineness rather than material conditions (Cui). Results from a blind date could differ from certain people. It may do help someone make some new friends and find her spouse, however, it sometimes could just remain a terrible experience. There are some tips for women to survive in a blind date. First is to choose a quiet location and dress nicely and neatly to leave an unforgettable first impression. Second is to be a good listener during the conversation and also ask questions friendly. The last one is being yourself, which is the most important one. Do not pretend to be football fan if you never play football. However, women had better not rely on blind dates since it is not the only way to find Mr. Right. All these tips are also useful in daily life. Being optimistic and keeping an open mind whenever it is, for what Tagore have said â€Å"the best things come when you least expect them to†. Works Cited â€Å"A Good Man Is Hard to Find: Chinas Leftover Women Look For Love Abroad†, Post Magazine. South China Morning Post Publishers Ltd. 27 April 2014. Web.28 May 2014. http://www.scmp.com/magazines/post-magazine/article/1495043/good-man-hard-find-chinas-leftover-women-look-love-abroad â€Å"Cause and Effect Blind Date.† Studymode.com. Studymode.com. Nov 2012. Web. 3 June 2014. http://www.studymode.com/essays/Cause-And-Effect-Blind-Dates-1222213.html Cui Jianmin,à ¥Ã‚ ´Ã¢â‚¬ Ãƒ ¥Ã‚ »Ã‚ ºÃƒ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¢Ã‚ ,â€Å"xiangqin: jiduo huanxi jiduo chou——shengnan shengnv xiangqin shenghuo diaocha†Ãƒ §Ã¢â‚¬ ºÃ‚ ¸Ãƒ ¤Ã‚ ºÃ‚ ²Ãƒ ¯Ã‚ ¼Ã… ¡Ãƒ ¥Ã¢â‚¬ ¡Ã‚  Ãƒ ¥Ã‚ ¤Ã… ¡Ãƒ ¦Ã‚ ¬Ã‚ ¢Ãƒ ¥-Å“Ã ¥Ã¢â‚¬ ¡Ã‚  Ãƒ ¥Ã‚ ¤Ã… ¡Ãƒ ¦Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã‚ Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ãƒ ¥Ã¢â‚¬ °Ã‚ ©Ãƒ §Ã¢â‚¬ Ã‚ ·Ãƒ ¥Ã¢â‚¬ °Ã‚ ©Ãƒ ¥Ã‚ ¥Ã‚ ³Ãƒ §Ã¢â‚¬ ºÃ‚ ¸Ãƒ ¤Ã‚ ºÃ‚ ²Ãƒ §Ã¢â‚¬ Ã… ¸Ãƒ ¦Ã‚ ´Ã‚ »Ãƒ ¨Ã‚ °Ã†â€™Ãƒ ¦Ã… ¸Ã‚ ¥(blind date: Happiness and anxiety coexist——A survey ofsingletons’ dating life). wuhaidaily.comà ¤Ã‚ ¹Ã…’à ¦Ã‚ µÃ‚ ·Ãƒ ¦- ¥Ãƒ ¦Ã…  Ã‚ ¥WUHAIDAILY.COM NETWORK. 1 Nov 2012. Web. 28 May 2014. http://www.wuhaidaily.com/news.aspx?id=81091 â€Å"fanyi dianjin: ‘jingji shiyongnannv’ yingwen zenmeshuo†Ãƒ §Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ »Ãƒ ¨Ã‚ ¯Ã¢â‚¬ËœÃƒ §Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¹Ãƒ ¦Ã‚ ´Ã‚ ¥Ãƒ ¯Ã‚ ¼Ã… ¡Ã¢â‚¬Å"à §Ã‚ »Ã‚ Ãƒ ¦Ã‚ µÃ… ½Ãƒ ©Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ãƒ §Ã¢â‚¬ Ã‚ ¨Ãƒ §Ã¢â‚¬ Ã‚ ·Ãƒ ¥Ã‚ ¥Ã‚ ³Ã¢â‚¬ Ãƒ ¨Ã¢â‚¬ ¹Ã‚ ±Ãƒ ¦-†¡Ãƒ ¦Ã¢â€š ¬Ã… ½Ãƒ ¤Ã‚ ¹Ã‹â€ Ãƒ ¨Ã‚ ¯Ã‚ ´Ãƒ ¯Ã‚ ¼Ã… ¸(How to express â€Å"budget men and women† in English?)from Chinadaily.com. Sina à ¦- °Ãƒ ¦Ã‚ µÃ‚ ªÃƒ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¢Ã¢â€ž ¢Ãƒ ¨Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ².SINACoporation, 2 Apr. 2013. Web. 29 May 2014. http://edu.sina.com.cn/en/2013-04-02/133673271.shtml Li Xiaoying.à ¦Ã‚ Ã… ½Ãƒ §Ã‚ ¬Ã¢â‚¬ËœÃƒ ¨Ã… ½Ã‚ ¹. â€Å"zuo ziji de yuehui nvwang†Ãƒ ¥Ã‚ Ã… ¡Ãƒ ¨Ã¢â‚¬ ¡Ã‚ ªÃƒ ¥Ã‚ ·Ã‚ ±Ãƒ §Ã… ¡Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ãƒ §Ã‚ ºÃ‚ ¦Ãƒ ¤Ã‚ ¼Ã… ¡Ãƒ ¥Ã‚ ¥Ã‚ ³Ãƒ §Ã… ½Ã¢â‚¬ ¹Ãƒ ¯Ã‚ ¼Ã‹â€ Queen do Their Own appointments). Hunanà ¦Ã‚ ¹-à ¥Ã‚ -à ¯Ã‚ ¼Ã… ¡Hunan Literature and Art Publishing House.à ¦Ã‚ ¹-à ¥Ã‚ -à ¦-†¡Ãƒ ¨Ã¢â‚¬ °Ã‚ ºÃƒ ¥Ã¢â‚¬ ¡Ã‚ ºÃƒ §Ã¢â‚¬ °Ã‹â€ Ãƒ §Ã‚ ¤Ã‚ ¾, 2011.Print. Magistad, Mary kay. â€Å"Chinas leftover women, unmarried at 27.† BBC.com.BBC.com. 21 Feb. 2013. Web. 3 June 2014. http://www.bbc.com/news/magazine-21320560 SIMPSON PETER , â€Å"The leftover women: China defines official age for females being left on the shelf as 27†. Dailymail.co.uk. Associated Newspapers Ltd. 28 February2013. Web. 28 May2014. http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2282249/The-leftover-women-China-defines-official-age-femal Wolff, Linda. â€Å"How I Met My Husband: When Love Is Meant to Be.† Huffingtonpost.com. Huffingtonpost.com. 12 July 2012. Web.3 June 2014. http://www.huffingtonpost.com/linda-wolff/how-i-met-my-husband_b_2247289.htm Yao Jun. ‘Leftover’ women and their eagerness for love. from People’s Daily Online.com.english.people.cn à ¤Ã‚ ºÃ‚ ºÃƒ ¦Ã‚ °Ã¢â‚¬ËœÃƒ §Ã‚ ½Ã¢â‚¬Ëœ. People’s Daily Online, 2 April 2013. Web. 29 May 2014. http://english.peopledaily.com.cn/90782/8377165.html Zheng Chao,Li jia,Chen Lin,à ©Ã†â€™Ã¢â‚¬ËœÃƒ ¨Ã‚ ¶Ã¢â‚¬ ¦, à ¦Ã‚ Ã… ½Ãƒ ¤Ã‚ ½Ã‚ ³, à ©Ã¢â€ž ¢Ã‹â€ Ãƒ §Ã‚ Ã‚ ³ â€Å"Shengnan shengnv xianxiang diaocha†Ãƒ ¥Ã¢â‚¬ °Ã‚ ©Ãƒ §Ã¢â‚¬ Ã‚ ·Ãƒ ¥Ã¢â‚¬ °Ã‚ ©Ãƒ ¥Ã‚ ¥Ã‚ ³Ãƒ §Ã… ½Ã‚ °Ãƒ ¨Ã‚ ±Ã‚ ¡Ãƒ ¨Ã‚ °Ã†â€™Ãƒ ¦Ã… ¸Ã‚ ¥(A survey of singletons’ phenomenon) thefirst.cn à §Ã‚ «Ã… ¾Ãƒ ¦Ã…  Ã‚ ¥thefirst.cn, 4 Sept 2009. Web. 28 May 2014. http://www.thefirst.cn/1365/2009-09-04/373414.htm

The Application of Utopia in Brave New World Essay -- Brave New World

The Application of Utopia in Brave New World      Ã‚   Aldous Huxley's Brave New World illustrates the loss of morality when established standards are replaced by amoral criteria.   In his novel, Huxley criticizes the practical applications of Utopia in actual society. Huxley's depiction of love, science, and religion support the ineffectiveness of implementing Utopia in everyday life.      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In Brave New World, Huxley shows contempt for the human emotion of love.   The people that make up his imaginary society have no conception of love or any other passion, and actually scorn the idea.   Huxley believes that along with passion comes emotional instability.   The Utopian state cannot afford any kind of instability and therefore cannot afford love.      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The destruction of the family is one example of the effect of Utopia's absence of love.   In a world of bottled-births, not only is there no need for a family, but the idea is actually considered obscene.   The terms "mother" and "father" are extremely offensive and are rarely used except in science.      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Huxley uses Mustapha Mond, the World Controller, to portray the vulgarity when he explains the obscenity of life before Utopia to a group of students:    And home was as squalid psychically as physically.   Psychically, it was a rabbit hole, a midden, hot with the frictions of tightly packed life, reeking with emotion.   What suffocating intimacies, what dangerous, insane, obscene relationships between the members of the family group! (37)      Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In an earlier passage, Huxley shows the effects of Mond's explanation on one boy, "The Controller's evocation wa... ... without   religion or a god.   This belief is portrayed throughout the novel.      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Brave New World presents a frightening view of a future civilization which has forgotten current morals and standards.   Instead of humans controlling science and their lives, science controls humans, and World Controllers decide all rules which are intended to mold society into a stable community.   Huxley's criticism of this community portrays the impractical application of Utopia in actual society.    Sources Cited and Consulted "Aldous Huxley:   Brave New World?"   http://www.huxley.net/ pp.   1-36. Birnbaum, M.   Aldous Huxley's Quest For Values.   Univ. of Tennessee Press, 1971. Firchow, P. E. The End of Utopia.   Associated Univ. Presses, Inc., N.J.:   1984. Huxley, Aldous.   Brave New World.   New York: Harper Collins, 1989.

Us Military Endeavor in Bosnia 1993-1995

US Military Endeavor in Bosnia 1993-1995| | 08. 12. 2009| | Introduction: With Josip Broz‘s (Tito) death in 1980 the former Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia has lost its political leader. Tito supported a wide ethnic representation in his country and a division of power. Without his strong leadership Yugoslavia would have broken up years before the Balkan war in 1992. Yugoslavia was politically weak without Tito and the country was hard hit by an economic crisis in the early 1980ies.Calls for comprehensive reforms were growing, especially from the constituent republics Slovenia and Croatia and the central government became incapable of acting. More and more power was given up to the constituent republics. At the beginning of 1990 the Yugoslavian unity party SKJ (Savez Komunista Jugoslavije) has fallen and majority party elections were established in Slovenia, Croatia and Bosnia and Herzegovina. Political Parties were established that functioned mainly in the interest of their ethnical background.Hence the rivalry between the parties for more power developed into an ethno-political rivalry. On June 25 in 1991 Croatia and Slovenia declared their independence. Directly after, armed conflicts started between groups which defended their territorial and the Yugoslav People's Army (JNA), the last institution of the SFR Yugoslavia. More and more constituent republics were involved and soon a war started that we will remember as the Yugoslav war that later reached Bosnia, where most of the fighting took place.It was a bloody civil war between neighbors in South Eastern Europe in the late 20 century that was ended too late. Many victims would be alive if the international audience would have been more concerned about its importance of involvement. The United States, as one of the countries, acted too late at the expense of human life. The Bosnian war was a failed humanitarian intervention of the UN, a weak NATO presence and a US policy that planned [†¦ ] to pursue a U. S. ommitment to Bosnia-Herzegovina that is short-sighted in vision and transparent in end state The ‘symbolic’ presence of the UNO and the early stage of the war In 1991 The United States just ended the Gulf War and hence the majority of the American population didn’t see the point in involving themselves into another war. It was an ongoing dispute of whose responsibility was to intervene in the Bosnian War. George Bush’s policy indicated to use diplomatic initiatives rather than the usage of American military force.After being involved in World War I and II the United States saw their mission in Europe completed. There was no more a Soviet threat and the European Community (EC) should be ready to deal with its problems by themselves which was also accomplished by the Maastricht treaty in 1992. The countries in the EC should be stable enough to ensure democracy and peace in Europe. However, the actions that have been initialized by the EC failed. The countries couldn’t find a consensus of working together and using a strategy that would end the war.The Yugoslavian conflict parties arranged, with the initiative of the EC, a plan on June 29th in 1991. The plan provided 3 points which was 1) ceasefire between Slovenia and Croatia and the withdrawal of their armies 2) Slovenia and Croatia should pause with their declaration of independence for 3 month 3) Serbia should give up his resistance towards the new elected Croatian President Mesic Beside the 3rd point all the other attempts to end this war failed. Another failure of the EC was to rush into recognizing Slovenia’s and Croatia’s independence.Bosnia was even rushed to motion its independence between the times of December 16th until December 23rd 1991. A week that was given to consider establishing a country which history is very diverse and complicated. In the late summer of 1991 the Moslem politician Izetbegovic asked the UNO to send observers a nd a peacekeeping force because he knew what a war would cause in Bosnia. The attempt failed due to the UN principles to intervene when all intern actions failed to prevent a civil war. After the war broke out the UN decided to send 100 and a few month later in June 1992 1. 000 peacekeepers to Bosnia. The modest aim was to ensure a complete defeat of the Moslem population with a minimum of UN forces. NATO In early May 1992 the UN sanctioned Yugoslavia or the parts that still remained Yugoslavia (Serbia and Montenegro) and a few days later the UN Security Council placed an economic embargo on Yugoslavia. NATO warships were sent to the Adriatic Sea to enforce the internationally established embargo. In October 1992 the UN Security Council decided to forbid any military flights of the warring parties.However, there have been various violations against the flying ban. Therefore NATO decided to start their direct combat mission in the air in April 1994. It didn’t stop the Serbs to take UN peacekeepers and other observant as hostage. Thus the NATO’s first air attacks did not have a great effect for stopping the war. The establishment of ‘UN protected zones’ and the case of Srebrenica The UN protected zones were established mainly for the Muslim population that was surrounded by either Croatian or Serb territory.Building protected zones was another attempt to secure civilians even though they were fairly against the UN principles of impartiality and agreement of all warring parties. The history has shown us that the UN peacekeepers were tricked by the Serbs and the ‘protected zone’ was used to facilitate covert genocide that we know today by the name of The Srebrenica Massacre in July 1995. End of the war After violating the protected zones in Srebrenica and Zepa, NATO decided for massive air attacks on military and logistical targets of the Serbs. Until this moment there have been ten NATO air attacks during the war.It was obv ious that this was not enough to end the war. Through another UN Resolution, that was formally not necessary, the UN and NATO decided to intensify their air attacks by almost 2000 attacks in a couple of days. The war ended but it was a very long way for the US to decide the various kinds of intervention. Opinions went from not getting involved at all because the EC should deal with it by themselves to deploying US troops, first for humanitarian or peacekeeping efforts then for United Nations (UN) or NATO military actions, including rescuing UN peacekeepers.According to several polls at the beginning of the war, the Americans would support any of the humanitarian interventions and multilateral agreements. ‘Bosnia reveals that the ‘‘post-Vietnam syndrome’’ was still apparent in the preference of most Americans to stay out of foreign entanglements since the Reagan-era involvements in Central America’. Nevertheless, most Americans were sure that Bo snia won’t be the next Vietnam. Polls also show that interventions should be used if there is a case of genocide.However, it was a long way for the US government to fulfill the peoples will. It was talked too much around and the media used terms such as ‘civil war’ or ‘ethnic war’ to undermine the need of stronger interventions at the beginning of the war. A Presidential term was coming up and the need of actions was put aside regardless of moral principles. In a democratic country that is based on a will of people with representatives elected by the people, a public opinion is a crucial right.If a poll shows that most of the Americans agree with military humanitarian intervention before 1995 why did a hegemonic power, as the US back then, didn’t interfere earlier with more pressure on the International community to act stronger and precisely. A diplomatic intervention in 1992 had a great impact on the course of the war until 1995. The United States has supported the UN resolution of preventing genocide, as it was before declared to be a crime under international law. Sadly neither Bush senior nor Clinton have made efforts to prevent genocide in Bosnia.Samantha Power wrote ‘it is in the realm of domestic politics that the battle to stop genocide is lost. American political leaders interpret society-wide silence as an indicator of public indifference. ’ Not until Srebrenica did the domestic and international politics pushed Clinton into action of interfering with massive military forces which at the end brought the war into an end. ‘Clinton rode into the White House rallying against Bush’s non-interventionist policy and favoring commitments to stop genocide.Facing a re-election year, a time when an administration’s promises are measured against their actual accomplishments, Clinton was particularly sensitive to challenges to his earlier pledges. Dole’s role augmented an explosion of a united media campaign, increasing international pressure for intervention, and the embarrassing fall of a U. S. -backed ‘safe zone,’ aggravating Clinton’s original commitments to put an end to the Bosnian genocide and made the political costs of non-intervention too high for the Clinton Administration to withstand.Because of this conglomeration of pressures, Clinton could follow his own moral convictions and stop the genocide. ’ In conclusion: The US intervention in Bosnia has three significant phases. The first phase included a diplomatic interference at the beginning of the war. It was an European problem. Thus Europeans should deal with it. The second phase was a very modest humanitarian-military intervention (UN and NATO) by the US, in an area where such ‘experiments’ are fatal in the course of the war. The UN ‘peacekeeping master plan’ failed completely for one good reason.No one can heal a huge wound with a simple band ai d. After 3 years of a bloody fight and a never ending war what could the hegemonic power US do? Either withdraw its troops and run away and be an audience of a war that might have murdered a whole ethnic group or reinforce and fight. The third phase, which finally ended the war, it was crucial that the US as well as the EC, NATO and the UN realize the importance of a strong military interference which is based on a common consensus. The European Community failed completely to solve its Balkan problem due to self-interests, premature decisions and a lack of a consensus.However not being involved in the war, as some US elites suggested at the beginning of the war because it is an European issue, would have been against the principles of human rights and would have created a humanitarian disaster similar to the one in WWII. Bibliography Karadjis, Mike Karadjis. Bosnia, Kosova ; the West. Resistance Books, 2000. Kull, Steven . â€Å"Americans on the Crisis in Sudan. † The America n Public on International Issues N. p. , n. d. Web. 28 July 2009. ;http://www. pipa. org/OnlineReports/Africa/Sudan_Jul04/Sudan_Jul04_rpt. df;. Mellenthin , Knut . â€Å"Der jugoslawische Burgerkrieg, die UNO und die NATO. † Jugoslawien N. p. , 14 Dec. 1995. Web. 27 Nov. 2009. ;http://www. knutmellenthin. de/artikel/archiv/jugoslawien/der-jugoslawische-buergerkrieg-die-uno-und-die-nato-14121995. html;. Petrilli , Danielle Petrilli . â€Å"More Than Witnesses at a Funeral? : The U. S. and Humanitarian Intervention . † Duke Journal of Politics Duke University, 2006. Web. 28 Nov. 2009. ;http://www. poli. duke. edu/undergrad/D. %20Petrilli%20writing%20sample. doc. ;. Power, Samantha. A Problem From Hell† America and the Age of Genocide. New York: HarperCollins, 2003. Print. Rachal, Louis N. â€Å"U. S. Strategy in Bosnia: Are We Really Committed?. † Military U. S. Strategy in Bosnia: Are We Really Committed? N. p. , 1997. Web. 28 Nov. 2009. ;http://www. global security. org/military/library/report/1997/Rachal. htm;. Sobel, Richard . â€Å"Trends: United States Intervention in Bosnia. † Public Opinion Quarterly Oxford Journals, 1998. Web. 27 Nov. 2009. ;http://poq. oxfordjournals. org/cgi/reprint/62/2/250. pdf;. ——————————————- [ 1 ]. Rachal, Louis N. â€Å"U. S. Strategy in Bosnia: Are We Really Committed?. † Military U. S. Strategy in Bosnia: Are We Really Committed? N. p. , 1997. Web. 28 Nov. 2009. . [ 2 ]. Sobel, Richard . â€Å"Trends: United States Intervention in Bosnia. † Public Opinion Quarterly Oxford Journals, 1998. Web. 27 Nov. 2009. . [ 3 ]. 80% of the respondents of the PIPA survey said that if the UN determines that genocide is occurring, the UN, including the US, should act to stop the genocide by military force if necessary http://www. ipa. org/OnlineReports/Africa/Sudan_Jul04/Sudan_Jul04_rpt. pdf [ 4 ]. à ¢â‚¬Å"Crimes within the Court's Jurisdiction. † Development and Human Rights Section United Nations, n. d. Web. 28 Nov. 2009. . [ 5 ]. Power, Samantha. †A Problem From Hell† America and the Age of Genocide. New York: HarperCollins, 2003. Print. [ 6 ]. Petrilli , Danielle Petrilli . â€Å"More Than Witnesses at a Funeral? : The U. S. and Humanitarian Intervention . † Duke Journal of Politics Duke University, 2006. Web. 28 Nov. 2009. .

American Civil War Battles

The battles of the Civil War were fought across the United States from the East Coast to as far west as New Mexico. Beginning in 1861, these battles made a permanent mark upon the landscape and elevated to prominence small towns that had previously been peaceful villages. As a result, names such as Manassas, Sharpsburg, Gettysburg, and Vicksburg became eternally entwined with images of sacrifice, bloodshed, and heroism. It is estimated that over 10,000 battles of various sizes were fought during the Civil War as Union forces marched towards victory. The battles of the Civil War are largely divided into the Eastern, Western, and Trans-Mississippi Theaters, with the bulk of the fighting taking place in the first two. During the Civil War, over 200,000 Americans were killed in battle as each side fought for their chosen cause. The battles below are arranged by year, theater, and state. 1861 Eastern Theater April 12-14: Battle of Fort Sumter, South CarolinaJune 3: Battle of Philippi, VirginiaJune 10: Battle of Big Bethel, VirginiaJuly 21: First Battle of Bull Run, VirginiaOctober 21: Battle of Balls Bluff, Virginia Western Theater August 10: Battle of Wilsons Creek, MissouriNovember 7: Battle of Belmont, Missouri At Sea November 8: The  Trent  Affair, at Sea 1862 Eastern Theater March 8-9: Battle of Hampton Roads, VirginiaMarch 23: First Battle of Kernstown, VirginiaApril 5: Siege of Yorktown, VirginiaApril 10-11: Battle of Fort Pulaski, GeorgiaMay 5: Battle of Williamsburg, VirginiaMay 8: Battle of McDowell, VirginiaMay 25: First Battle of Winchester, VirginiaMay 31: Battle of Seven Pines, VirginiaJune 8: Battle of Cross Keys, VirginiaJune 9: Battle of Port Republic, VirginiaJune 25: Battle of Oak Grove, VirginiaJune 26: Battle of Beaver Dam Creek (Mechanicsville), VirginiaJune 27: Battle of Gaines Mill, VirginiaJune 29: Battle of Savages Station, VirginiaJune 30: Battle of Glendale (Fraysers Farm), VirginiaJuly 1: Battle of Malvern Hill, VirginiaAugust 9: Battle of Cedar Mountain, VirginiaAugust 28-30: Second Battle of Manassas, VirginiaSeptember 1: Battle of Chantilly, VirginiaSeptember 12-15: Battle of Harpers Ferry, VirginiaSeptember 14: Battle of South Mountain, MarylandSeptember 17: Battle of Antietam, MarylandDecember 13: Battle of Fredericksburg, Vi rginia Trans-Mississippi Theater February 21: Battle of Valverde, New MexicoMarch 7-8: Battle of Pea Ridge, ArkansasMarch 26-28: Battle of Glorieta Pass, New MexicoDecember 7: Battle of Prairie Grove, Arkansas Western Theater January 19: Battle of Mill Springs, KentuckyFebruary 6: Battle of Fort Henry, TennesseeFebruary 11-16: Battle of Fort Donelson, TennesseeApril 6-7: Battle of Shiloh, TennesseeApril 12: Great Locomotive Chase, GeorgiaApril 24/25: Capture of New Orleans, LouisianaJune 6: Battle of Memphis, TennesseeSeptember 19: Battle of Iuka, MississippiOctober 3-4: Second Battle of Corinth, MississippiOctober 8: Battle of Perryville, KentuckyDecember 26-29: Battle of Chickasaw Bayou, MississippiDecember 31-January 2, 1863: Battle of Stones River, Tennessee 1863 Eastern Theater May 1-6: Battle of Chancellorsville, VirginiaJune 9: Battle of Brandy Station, VirginiaJuly 1-3: Battle of Gettysburg, PennsylvaniaJuly 3: Battle of Gettysburg: Picketts Charge, PennsylvaniaJuly 11 18: Battles of Fort Wagner, South CarolinaOctober 13-November 7: Bristoe Campaign, VirginiaNovember 26-December 2: Mine Run Campaign, Virginia Trans-Mississippi Theater January 9-11: Battle of Arkansas Post, Arkansas Western Theater Fall 1862-July 4: Vicksburg Campaign, MississippiMay 12: Battle of Raymond, MississippiMay 16: Battle of Champion Hill, MississippiMay 17: Battle of Big Black River Bridge, MississippiMay 18-July 4: Siege of Vicksburg, MississippiMay 21-July 9: Siege of Port Hudson, LouisianaJune 11-July 26: Morgans Raid, Tennessee, Kentucky, Indiana, OhioSeptember 18-20: Battle of Chickamauga, GeorgiaOctober 28-29: Battle of Wauhatchie, TennesseeNovember-December: Knoxville Campaign, TennesseeNovember 23-25: Battle of Chattanooga, Tennessee 1864 Eastern Theater February 16: Submarine  H.L. Hunley  Sinks USS  Housatonic, South CarolinaFebruary 20: Battle of Olustee, FloridaMay 5-7: Battle of the Wilderness, VirginiaMay 8-21: Battle of Spotsylvania Court House, VirginiaMay 11: Battle of Yellow Tavern, VirginiaMay 16: Battle of New Market, VirginiaMay 23-26: Battle of North Anna, VirginiaMay 31-June 12: Battle of Cold Harbor, VirginiaJune 5: Battle of Piedmont, VirginiaJune 9, 1864-April 2, 1865: Siege of Petersburg, VirginiaJune 11-12: Battle of Trevilian Station, VirginiaJune 21-23: Battle of Jerusalem Plank Road, VirginiaJuly 9: Battle of Monocacy, MarylandJuly 24: Second Battle of Kernstown, VirginiaJuly 30: Battle of the Crater, VirginiaAugust 18-21: Battle of Globe Tavern, VirginiaSeptember 19: Third Battle of Winchester (Opequon), VirginiaSeptember 21-22: Battle of Fishers Hill, VirginiaOctober 2: Battle of Peebles Farm, VirginiaOctober 19: Battle of Cedar Creek, VirginiaOctober 27-28: Battle of Boydton Plank Road, Virginia Trans-Mississippi River April 8: Battle of Mansfield, LouisianaOctober 23: Battle of Westport, Missouri Western Theater May 13-15: Battle of Resaca, GeorgiaJune 10: Battle of Brices Cross Roads, MississippiJune 27: Battle of Kennesaw Mountain, GeorgiaJuly 20: Battle of Peachtree Creek, GeorgiaJuly 22: Battle of Atlanta, GeorgiaJuly 28: Battle of Ezra Church, GeorgiaAugust 5: Battle of Mobile Bay, AlabamaAugust 31-September 1: Battle of Jonesboro (Jonesborough), GeorgiaNovember 15-December 22: Shermans March to the Sea, GeorgiaNovember 29: Battle of Spring Hill, TennesseeNovember 30: Battle of Franklin, TennesseeDecember 15-16: Battle of Nashville, Tennessee 1865 Eastern Theater January 13-15: Second Battle of Fort Fisher, North CarolinaFebruary 5-7: Battle of Hatchers Run, VirginiaMarch 25: Battle of Fort Stedman, VirginiaApril 1: Battle of Five Forks, VirginiaApril 6: Battle of Saylers Creek (Sailors Creek), VirginiaApril 9: Surrender at Appomattox Court House, Virginia Western Theater March 16: Battle of Averasborough, North CarolinaMarch 19-21: Battle of Bentonville, North CarolinaApril 2: Battle of Selma, Alabama